/* ==========================================================================
   ktiwari.com, version two

   A single committed visual world: deep space, high-contrast didone display
   type, and one blue that belongs to ringwoodite. No light theme here on
   purpose. The whole page is one continuous descent through vacuum, and a
   pale ground would break that in the first second.
   ========================================================================== */

:root{
  --void:#04060B;
  --deep:#080C14;
  --panel:rgba(126,152,208,.045);
  --panel-2:rgba(126,152,208,.085);
  --line:rgba(170,192,236,.13);
  --line-soft:rgba(170,192,236,.07);

  --ink:#EEF1F7;
  --dim:#98A2B6;
  --faint:#606B80;

  --ring:#5B87F5;        /* ringwoodite */
  --ember:#E9A33A;       /* melt */
  --olivine:#9FD356;

  --f-display:"Bodoni Moda",Didot,"Times New Roman",serif;
  --f-body:"Manrope","Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;
  --f-mono:"JetBrains Mono",ui-monospace,Menlo,monospace;

  --gut:clamp(22px,5vw,80px);
  --maxw:1240px;
}

*{box-sizing:border-box}
html{scroll-behavior:smooth}
body{
  margin:0;background:var(--void);color:var(--ink);
  font-family:var(--f-body);font-size:16.5px;line-height:1.65;
  -webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;overflow-x:hidden;
}
a{color:inherit}
h1,h2,h3,h4{margin:0;font-weight:400;text-wrap:balance}
p{margin:0}
img{max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block}
::selection{background:var(--ring-solid);color:var(--on-accent)}
:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--ember);outline-offset:4px}
[hidden]{display:none !important}

.skip{position:absolute;left:10px;top:10px;z-index:40;padding:10px 14px;
  background:var(--ember-solid);color:var(--on-accent);font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:11px;
  letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none;clip-path:inset(50%)}
.skip:focus{clip-path:none}

/* ---------- the sky, behind everything, always ---------- */
#sky{
  position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:0;pointer-events:none;
  background:
    radial-gradient(60% 40% at 76% 6%, var(--glow-1), transparent 70%),
    radial-gradient(90% 60% at 10% 100%, var(--glow-2), transparent 70%),
    linear-gradient(180deg,var(--sky-a) 0%,var(--sky-b) 40%,var(--sky-c) 100%);
}
#sky canvas{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;display:block}
.starfield{z-index:1}
#sky canvas:not(.moon-canvas){z-index:2}
.moon-canvas{z-index:3}

/* ---------- chrome ---------- */
.bar{
  position:fixed;top:0;left:0;right:0;z-index:30;
  display:flex;align-items:center;gap:26px;padding:16px var(--gut);
  background:linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(var(--scrim-rgb),.88),rgba(var(--scrim-rgb),0));
}
.wordmark{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:11px;text-decoration:none;margin-right:auto}
.wordmark img{width:28px;height:32px;object-fit:contain;border-radius:2px}
.wordmark b{font-size:13.5px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.01em}
.wordmark i{font-style:normal;display:block;font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:9px;
  letter-spacing:.22em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--faint);margin-top:2px}
.bar nav{display:flex;gap:22px}
.bar a.nv{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--dim);text-decoration:none;padding:4px 0;position:relative}
.bar a.nv::after{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;right:100%;bottom:0;height:1px;
  background:var(--ember-solid);transition:right .3s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1)}
.bar a.nv:hover::after,.bar a.nv:focus-visible::after{right:0}
@media (max-width:860px){.bar nav{display:none}}

/* ---------- theme switch ----------
   A track and a knob. The knob carries the symbol, so there is no text to
   read and nothing to translate. 44x24 with a 44px hit area, which clears the
   minimum touch target once the padding is counted. */
.themebtn{
  -webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none;flex:0 0 auto;
  width:46px;height:25px;padding:0;border-radius:13px;cursor:pointer;
  border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--panel);
  position:relative;display:none;   /* a switch that cannot switch is worse */
  transition:background .3s ease,border-color .3s ease;
}
.js .themebtn{display:block}
.themebtn:hover{border-color:var(--ember);background:var(--panel-2)}
.themebtn .knob{
  position:absolute;top:2px;left:2px;width:19px;height:19px;border-radius:50%;
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  background:var(--ink);color:var(--on-ink);
  transition:transform .34s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1),background .3s ease,color .3s ease;
}
:root[data-theme="light"] .themebtn .knob{transform:translateX(21px)}
.themebtn svg{width:11px;height:11px;display:block;fill:none;
  stroke:currentColor;stroke-width:1.7;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round}
.themebtn .i-sun{display:none}
:root[data-theme="light"] .themebtn .i-sun{display:block}
:root[data-theme="light"] .themebtn .i-moon{display:none}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){
  .themebtn,.themebtn .knob{transition:none}
}

/* Light mode turns the night off. The stars and the meteor shower are hidden
   here AND their loop is stopped in the script, so this is not just paint. */
:root[data-theme="light"] .starfield,
:root[data-theme="light"] #sky canvas:not(.moon-canvas){display:none}
/* Photographs and the drawn figures were graded for a dark page. A touch of
   contrast keeps them from washing out against daylight. */
:root[data-theme="light"] .mason img,
:root[data-theme="light"] .shot img,
:root[data-theme="light"] .plate img{filter:saturate(1.04) contrast(1.03)}

#rail{
  position:fixed;top:0;left:0;height:2px;width:100%;transform-origin:0 50%;transform:scaleX(0);
  background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--ring-solid),var(--ember-solid));z-index:31;
}

/* the depth caption, pinned bottom-left, counting as you fall */
.depthmeter{
  position:fixed;left:var(--gut);bottom:26px;z-index:29;pointer-events:none;
  display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:9px;
  font-family:var(--f-mono);letter-spacing:.06em;
}
.depthmeter b{font-size:26px;font-weight:500;color:var(--ink);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
.depthmeter span{font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--faint)}
.depthmeter em{font-style:normal;font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--ember);max-width:26ch}
@media (max-width:700px){.depthmeter{bottom:14px}.depthmeter b{font-size:19px}.depthmeter em{display:none}}

/* ---------- shared section furniture ---------- */
main{position:relative;z-index:2}
.chapter{position:relative;padding:clamp(110px,15vh,190px) 0}
.wrap{max-width:var(--maxw);margin:0 auto;padding:0 var(--gut)}

.ghost{
  position:absolute;right:var(--gut);top:clamp(40px,7vh,90px);
  font-family:var(--f-display);font-size:clamp(120px,22vw,300px);line-height:.8;
  color:transparent;-webkit-text-stroke:1px var(--stroke);
  pointer-events:none;user-select:none;z-index:-1;
}
.kicker{
  font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.26em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--ember);display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:26px;
}
.kicker::after{content:"";height:1px;width:clamp(40px,10vw,120px);
  background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--ember),transparent)}
h2{font-family:var(--f-display);font-size:clamp(38px,6.4vw,84px);line-height:1.02;letter-spacing:-.015em}
h2 em{font-style:italic;color:var(--ring)}
.deck{margin-top:26px;max-width:58ch;color:var(--dim);font-size:clamp(16px,1.6vw,18.5px)}
.deck strong{color:var(--ink);font-weight:600}

/* ---------- hero ---------- */
.hero{min-height:100svh;display:flex;align-items:center;position:relative;padding:120px 0 90px}
.hero-in{max-width:var(--maxw);margin:0 auto;padding:0 var(--gut);width:100%}
.hero h1{
  font-family:var(--f-display);font-weight:400;
  font-size:clamp(50px,10.5vw,148px);line-height:.90;letter-spacing:-.025em;
  margin:0 0 30px;
}
.hero h1 .ln{display:block;overflow:hidden}
.hero h1 .ln > span{display:block}
.hero h1 em{font-style:italic;color:var(--ring)}
.hero .deck{max-width:50ch;font-size:clamp(16px,1.7vw,19.5px)}
.hero .deck b{color:var(--ink);font-weight:700}

.facts{margin-top:46px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0 clamp(28px,5vw,66px)}
.fact{padding:2px 0}
.fact dt{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:9px;letter-spacing:.22em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--faint);margin-bottom:7px}
.fact dd{margin:0;font-size:15px;color:var(--ink)}
.cta{margin-top:44px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px}
.b{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;padding:14px 24px;text-decoration:none;
  font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;
  border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--ink);background:transparent;transition:.22s;border-radius:999px}
.b:hover,.b:focus-visible{border-color:var(--ember);color:var(--ember);transform:translateY(-2px)}
.b.fill{background:var(--ink);color:var(--on-ink);border-color:var(--ink);font-weight:600}
.b.fill:hover,.b.fill:focus-visible{background:var(--ember-solid);border-color:var(--ember-solid);color:var(--on-accent)}

.scrollcue{position:absolute;left:var(--gut);bottom:74px;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;
  font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:9.5px;letter-spacing:.24em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--faint)}
.scrollcue i{display:block;width:1px;height:42px;background:linear-gradient(var(--faint),transparent)}
@media (max-width:700px){.scrollcue{display:none}}

/* ---------- pinned vein sequence ---------- */
.seq{position:relative;height:420vh}
.seq-pin{height:100svh;display:flex;align-items:center;overflow:hidden}
.seq-grid{max-width:var(--maxw);margin:0 auto;padding:0 var(--gut);width:100%;
  display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:clamp(30px,6vw,90px);align-items:center}
.seq-stage{position:relative;aspect-ratio:1/1;overflow:hidden;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:3px;
  background:radial-gradient(75% 75% at 46% 36%,rgba(91,135,245,.10),rgba(var(--scrim-rgb),.72) 72%)}
.seq-stage svg{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%}
.seq-copy{display:flex;flex-direction:column}
.steps{position:relative;min-height:clamp(250px,32vh,320px)}
.step{position:relative;margin-bottom:34px}

/* The steps only stack on top of each other once JavaScript is driving the
   pinned sequence, and only where there is room to pin. Without JS, or on a
   phone, they are five ordinary paragraphs in a row. */
@media (min-width:881px){
  .js .steps{position:relative}
  .js .step{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;right:0;margin-bottom:0;opacity:0}
  .js .step:first-child{opacity:1}
}
.step h3{font-family:var(--f-display);font-size:clamp(26px,3.6vw,46px);line-height:1.06;margin-bottom:16px}
.step p{color:var(--dim);max-width:44ch}
.step .num{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.24em;color:var(--ember);
  text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:14px;display:block}
.stepbar{display:flex;gap:6px;margin-top:40px}
.stepbar i{height:2px;flex:1;background:var(--line);position:relative;overflow:hidden}
.stepbar i::after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;background:var(--ember-solid);
  transform:scaleX(0);transform-origin:0 50%;transition:transform .4s}
.stepbar i.on::after{transform:scaleX(1)}
@media (max-width:880px){
  .seq{height:auto !important}
  .seq-pin{height:auto !important;padding:0}
  .seq-stage{max-width:520px}
  .seq-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .step{position:relative;top:auto;opacity:1 !important;transform:none !important;margin-bottom:34px}
  .stepbar{display:none}
  .steps{min-height:0}
}

/* ---------- horizontal publications ---------- */
.htrack{position:relative;height:340vh}
.hpin{height:100svh;display:flex;align-items:center;overflow:hidden}
.hrow{display:flex;gap:clamp(18px,2.4vw,34px);padding-left:var(--gut);will-change:transform}
.card{
  flex:0 0 clamp(290px,31vw,420px);min-height:clamp(330px,46vh,440px);
  border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--panel);
  padding:clamp(24px,2.6vw,36px);display:flex;flex-direction:column;
  text-decoration:none;transition:border-color .3s,background .3s,transform .3s;
  border-radius:3px;
}
.card:hover,.card:focus-visible{border-color:var(--ring);background:var(--panel-2);transform:translateY(-4px)}
.card .yr{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.14em;color:var(--ember)}
.card h3{font-family:var(--f-display);font-size:clamp(20px,2vw,26px);line-height:1.16;margin:20px 0 auto}
.card .auth{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--dim);margin-top:22px}
.card .auth u{text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink);font-weight:700}
.card .jr{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10.5px;color:var(--faint);margin-top:9px}
.card .go{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--faint);margin-top:20px;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px}
.card:hover .go{color:var(--ember)}
.card.tall{background:transparent;border-color:transparent;flex-basis:clamp(240px,26vw,340px);justify-content:center}
.card.tall .kicker{margin-bottom:18px}
.badge{display:inline-block;font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:9px;letter-spacing:.14em;
  text-transform:uppercase;background:var(--ember-solid);color:var(--on-accent);padding:3px 8px;margin-left:8px;vertical-align:3px}
@media (max-width:880px){
  .htrack{height:auto !important}
  .hpin{height:auto !important;padding:0}
  .hrow{flex-wrap:wrap;padding:0 var(--gut);gap:14px;transform:none !important}
  .htrack{padding:clamp(76px,11vh,120px) 0}
  .card{flex:1 1 280px;min-height:0}
  .card.tall{border:1px solid var(--line-soft);background:var(--panel);flex-basis:100%}
  .card.tall .cardlead{font-size:26px}
}

/* ---------- marquee ---------- */
.marquee{overflow:hidden;border-top:1px solid var(--line-soft);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-soft);
  padding:30px 0;margin-top:56px;-webkit-mask-image:linear-gradient(90deg,transparent,#000 8%,#000 92%,transparent);
  mask-image:linear-gradient(90deg,transparent,#000 8%,#000 92%,transparent)}
.mrow{display:flex;gap:56px;width:max-content;will-change:transform}
.mrow span{font-family:var(--f-display);font-size:clamp(20px,2.4vw,32px);color:var(--dim);white-space:nowrap}
.mrow span i{font-style:normal;font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.18em;
  color:var(--ember);vertical-align:middle;margin-right:10px}

/* ---------- people ---------- */
.people{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(250px,1fr));gap:1px;
  background:var(--line-soft);border:1px solid var(--line-soft);margin-top:48px}
.p{background:var(--deep);padding:26px 22px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:7px}
.p b{font-size:15.5px;font-weight:700}
.p .r{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--dim);line-height:1.5}
.p .i{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10px;color:var(--faint);margin-top:auto;padding-top:14px;letter-spacing:.06em}
.p .f{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:9px;letter-spacing:.2em;color:var(--ring)}

/* ---------- timeline with a line that draws ---------- */
.tl2{margin-top:56px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:clamp(34px,6vw,80px)}
.tl2 h3,.aw h3{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.24em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--faint);margin-bottom:26px}
.tline{position:relative;padding-left:30px}
.tline svg{position:absolute;left:0;top:4px;width:2px;height:calc(100% - 8px);overflow:visible}
.tline ol{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:32px}
.tline li{position:relative}
.tline li::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:-34px;top:9px;width:9px;height:9px;border-radius:50%;
  background:var(--void);border:1px solid var(--ember)}
.tline .w{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:11px;color:var(--ember);letter-spacing:.06em}
.tline .t{font-size:16px;font-weight:600;margin-top:5px}
.tline .s{font-size:13px;color:var(--dim);margin-top:4px;line-height:1.5}
.aw ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}
.aw li{display:grid;grid-template-columns:64px 1fr;gap:16px;padding:14px 0;
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-soft);font-size:13.5px;color:var(--dim)}
.aw li b{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:11px;color:var(--ember);font-weight:400}
.aw li em{font-style:normal;color:var(--ink);font-weight:600}
@media (max-width:880px){.tl2{grid-template-columns:1fr}}

/* ---------- gallery ---------- */
/* CSS multi-column relays out the whole flow whenever a child is transformed,
   which is exactly what a scroll reveal does 60 times a second. Measured at
   116ms per frame against 16.7ms for the grid-based galleries in this same
   page. Grid it is. */
.mason{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(296px,1fr));
  gap:14px;margin-top:clamp(28px,4vw,44px)}
.mason figure{position:relative;margin:0;overflow:hidden;aspect-ratio:4/3;
  border:1px solid var(--line-soft);border-radius:2px;background:var(--deep)}
.mason img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;
  transition:transform .8s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1)}
.mason figure:hover img{transform:scale(1.06)}
.mason figcaption{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;padding:30px 12px 11px;
  background:linear-gradient(transparent,rgba(4,6,11,.92));
  font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.06em;color:var(--ink)}
@media (max-width:880px){.mason{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}}
@media (max-width:620px){
  .mason{grid-template-columns:1fr}
}

/* ---------- figure plate ---------- */
.plate2{background:var(--plate);padding:14px;border-radius:2px}
.plate2 img{width:100%}
.cap{margin-top:13px;font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:11px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--faint);
  border-top:1px solid var(--line-soft);padding-top:11px}
.cap b{color:var(--ember);font-weight:500}
.two{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:clamp(26px,4vw,58px);margin-top:52px;align-items:start}
@media (max-width:880px){.two{grid-template-columns:1fr}}

/* ---------- press ---------- */
.press{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(255px,1fr));gap:16px;margin-top:48px}
.clip2{border:1px solid var(--line-soft);background:var(--panel);padding:26px;text-decoration:none;
  display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:12px;transition:.25s;border-radius:3px}
.clip2:hover,.clip2:focus-visible{border-color:var(--ember);background:var(--panel-2);transform:translateY(-3px)}
.clip2 .o{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.18em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ember)}
.clip2 .h{font-size:15.5px;line-height:1.4;font-weight:600}
.clip2 .s{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10px;color:var(--faint);margin-top:auto;padding-top:12px}

/* ---------- contact ---------- */
.big a{font-family:var(--f-display);font-size:clamp(30px,5.6vw,72px);line-height:1.1;
  text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;letter-spacing:-.02em;transition:color .3s}
.big a:hover{color:var(--ring)}
.reach{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(210px,1fr));gap:30px;margin-top:56px}
.reach dt{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:9.5px;letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--faint);margin-bottom:9px}
.reach dd{margin:0;font-size:14.5px;color:var(--dim);line-height:1.6}
.reach a{color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.reach a:hover{color:var(--ember);border-color:var(--ember)}
.social{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:9px;margin-top:40px}
.social a{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--dim);border:1px solid var(--line);padding:9px 14px;text-decoration:none;
  border-radius:999px;transition:.2s}
.social a:hover,.social a:focus-visible{color:var(--ember);border-color:var(--ember)}

footer{position:relative;z-index:2;border-top:1px solid var(--line-soft);padding:34px 0}
.foot{max-width:var(--maxw);margin:0 auto;padding:0 var(--gut);display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;
  gap:16px;justify-content:space-between;font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10.5px;
  letter-spacing:.08em;color:var(--faint)}
.foot a{color:var(--ember);text-decoration:none}

/* ---------- reveals ----------
   Guarded behind .js so the page reads fine with JavaScript off.           */
.js .up{opacity:0;transform:translateY(30px)}
.js .stag > *{opacity:0;transform:translateY(24px)}
.js .mason figure{opacity:0;transform:translateY(34px)}
/* The impact diagram's layers are zeroed only when something will animate
   them. No JavaScript, or reduced motion, and the whole figure is just drawn. */
#gWave,#gVein,#gPhase,#gQuench{opacity:1}
.js #gWave,.js #gVein,.js #gPhase,.js #gQuench{opacity:0}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){
  html{scroll-behavior:auto}
  .js .up,.js .stag > *,.js .mason figure{opacity:1 !important;transform:none !important}
  .js #gWave,.js #gVein,.js #gPhase,.js #gQuench{opacity:1 !important}
  .seq,.htrack{height:auto !important}
  .seq-pin,.hpin{height:auto !important}
  .step{position:relative !important;opacity:1 !important;margin-bottom:34px}
  .hrow{flex-wrap:wrap;transform:none !important}
  .mason img,.card,.clip2,.b{transition:none}
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Pre-deploy fixes
   ========================================================================== */
html,body{overflow-x:hidden;max-width:100%}
.chapter,.marquee,.hpin,.seq-pin{overflow-x:clip}
.marquee{overflow:hidden}
.wrap,.chapter,footer{max-width:100%}

/* Same reason as version one: a shorthand transition was animating the
   outline, so the focus ring faded in instead of appearing. */
.b,.clip2,.card,.social a,.nv,.mason figure img{
  transition-property:color,background-color,border-color,transform,box-shadow,opacity;
}
:focus-visible{transition:none}

/* Measured against the void: --faint was 3.78:1, below AA for small text. */
:root{ --faint:#7E8AA0; }

/* Values the dark build had hardcoded. They are tokens now purely so that the
   light theme has one place to redefine them. Nothing about dark changed. */
:root{
  --scrim-rgb:4,6,11;          /* every UI overlay, panel and input ground */
  --on-accent:#04060B;         /* text that sits ON a solid accent */
  --on-ink:#04060B;            /* text that sits ON an --ink fill */
  --ember-solid:#E9A33A;       /* gold as a FILL, never as text */
  --ring-solid:#5B87F5;
  --sky-a:#04060B; --sky-b:#070B13; --sky-c:#0A1018;
  --glow-1:rgba(58,80,132,.28);
  --glow-2:rgba(30,42,74,.35);
  --stroke:rgba(170,192,236,.09);
  --th:#0B1019;                /* sticky table head on the calculators */
  --plate:#F3F1EC;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   LIGHT THEME
   Daylight, not an inverted night. The sky keeps its haze, the stars and the
   meteors switch off, and the Moon stays because a daytime moon is a real
   thing. Every colour below was measured against the ground it actually
   composites onto, same as the dark set.
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
:root[data-theme="light"]{
  --void:#EEF2F8;
  --deep:#E3E9F3;
  --panel:rgba(30,56,110,.05);
  --panel-2:rgba(30,56,110,.095);
  --line:rgba(24,46,92,.19);
  --line-soft:rgba(24,46,92,.10);

  --ink:#111722;
  --dim:#414B62;
  --faint:#4F5A70;

  --ring:#2B54C4;
  --ember:#8A5709;
  --olivine:#4A7A16;

  --scrim-rgb:238,242,248;
  --on-ink:#F4F7FC;
  --sky-a:#DAE5F4; --sky-b:#E8EEF7; --sky-c:#F3F6FB;
  --glow-1:rgba(120,162,232,.34);
  --glow-2:rgba(186,206,238,.42);
  --stroke:rgba(30,56,110,.13);
  --th:#DCE4F1;
}

/* With JavaScript off the head script never runs, so nothing sets
   data-theme. Honour the reader's system setting anyway. Same values as
   the block above. */
@media (prefers-color-scheme: light){
  :root:not([data-theme]){
    --void:#EEF2F8;
    --deep:#E3E9F3;
    --panel:rgba(30,56,110,.05);
    --panel-2:rgba(30,56,110,.095);
    --line:rgba(24,46,92,.19);
    --line-soft:rgba(24,46,92,.10);

    --ink:#111722;
    --dim:#414B62;
    --faint:#4F5A70;

    --ring:#2B54C4;
    --ember:#8A5709;
    --olivine:#4A7A16;

    --scrim-rgb:238,242,248;
    --on-ink:#F4F7FC;
    --sky-a:#DAE5F4; --sky-b:#E8EEF7; --sky-c:#F3F6FB;
    --glow-1:rgba(120,162,232,.34);
    --glow-2:rgba(186,206,238,.42);
    --stroke:rgba(30,56,110,.13);
    --th:#DCE4F1;
  }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Sections carried over from the first version
   ========================================================================== */

.chapter.tight{padding:clamp(40px,6vh,80px) 0}

.subhead{
  font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10.5px;letter-spacing:.24em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--faint);margin:clamp(46px,7vw,80px) 0 22px;
  padding-bottom:12px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-soft);
}
.tline .subhead,.aw .subhead{margin-top:0}

/* ---------- about ---------- */
.split{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.25fr .85fr;gap:clamp(30px,5vw,80px);
  margin-top:clamp(36px,5vw,60px);align-items:start}
.split .deck{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:22px;max-width:62ch}
.pull{
  font-family:var(--f-display);font-size:clamp(20px,2.5vw,27px);line-height:1.35;color:var(--ink);
  border-left:2px solid var(--ember);padding:6px 0 6px 22px;margin:30px 0;font-style:italic;
}
.portrait-fig{margin:0}
.portrait-fig img{width:100%;aspect-ratio:4/5;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 22%;
  border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:3px;background:var(--deep)}
.markbox{margin-top:22px;border:1px solid var(--line-soft);background:var(--panel);
  padding:22px;display:flex;gap:16px;align-items:flex-start;border-radius:3px}
.markbox img{width:46px;height:46px;flex:none;object-fit:contain;border-radius:2px}
.markbox h4{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.18em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--ember);margin-bottom:9px}
.markbox p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--dim);line-height:1.6}

/* ---------- figure two ---------- */
.diagram2{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;border:1px solid var(--line-soft);border-radius:3px}

/* ---------- phase strip ---------- */
.phases{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(215px,1fr));gap:1px;
  background:var(--line-soft);border:1px solid var(--line-soft);border-radius:3px;overflow:hidden}
.ph{background:var(--deep);padding:24px 22px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:9px;min-height:186px}
.ph .sw{display:block;width:26px;height:3px}
.ph b{font-family:var(--f-display);font-size:23px;font-weight:400}
.ph .form{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:11px;color:var(--ember)}
.ph p{font-size:13px;color:var(--dim);line-height:1.55;margin-top:auto}

/* ---------- abstracts ---------- */
.absl{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:14px}
.absl li{font-size:14px;color:var(--dim);line-height:1.6;padding-left:20px;position:relative;max-width:96ch}
.absl li::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;top:11px;width:8px;height:1px;background:var(--ember)}
.absl b{color:var(--ink);font-weight:700}
.absl em{font-style:normal;color:var(--ink)}

/* ---------- conference mosaic ---------- */
.road{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(288px,1fr));gap:13px;
  margin-top:clamp(34px,5vw,52px)}
.road .shot{aspect-ratio:4/3}
.shot{position:relative;margin:0;overflow:hidden;border:1px solid var(--line-soft);
  background:var(--deep);border-radius:3px}
.shot img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 38%;
  transition:transform .8s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1)}
.shot.top img{object-position:50% 14%}
.shot:hover img{transform:scale(1.05)}
.shot figcaption{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;padding:30px 12px 11px;
  background:linear-gradient(transparent,rgba(4,6,11,.92));
  font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.05em;color:var(--ink)}
.galhead{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.1fr 1fr;gap:13px;margin-top:clamp(34px,5vw,52px)}
.galhead .shot{aspect-ratio:16/11}

/* ---------- cards in the rail ---------- */
.cardlead{font-family:var(--f-display);font-size:clamp(26px,3.2vw,42px);line-height:1.06;margin:0}
.cardnote{color:var(--dim);margin-top:18px;font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.6}
.cardnote a{color:var(--ember);text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(233,163,58,.35)}
.cardnote a:hover{border-bottom-color:var(--ember)}

/* ==========================================================================
   Mobile navigation
   ========================================================================== */
.menubtn{
  display:none;flex:none;width:42px;height:42px;padding:0;background:transparent;
  border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:999px;cursor:pointer;
  align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex-direction:column;gap:5px;
}
.menubtn span{display:block;width:16px;height:1.5px;background:var(--ink);transition:transform .3s,opacity .2s}
.menubtn[aria-expanded="true"] span:first-child{transform:translateY(3.25px) rotate(45deg)}
.menubtn[aria-expanded="true"] span:last-child{transform:translateY(-3.25px) rotate(-45deg)}

.drawer{
  position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:28;background:rgba(var(--scrim-rgb),.97);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(16px);backdrop-filter:blur(16px);
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  padding:88px var(--gut) 40px;overflow-y:auto;
}
.drawer nav{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:2px;width:100%;max-width:420px}
.drawer a{
  font-family:var(--f-display);font-size:clamp(26px,7vw,38px);line-height:1.25;
  color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none;padding:9px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-soft);
}
.drawer a:last-child{border-bottom:0}
.drawer a:active{color:var(--ember)}

/* ==========================================================================
   Tablet and phone
   ========================================================================== */

/* tablets, portrait: two columns become one where the second is only decoration */
@media (max-width:1024px){
  .seq-grid{gap:clamp(24px,4vw,48px)}
  .card{flex-basis:clamp(280px,42vw,380px)}
  .road{grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(210px,1fr))}
}

@media (max-width:880px){
  .desknav{display:none}
  .menubtn{display:flex}
  .bar{gap:14px}
  .split,.two,.tl2,.galhead{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .split .portrait-fig img{aspect-ratio:3/2;object-position:50% 20%}
  .road{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}
  .ghost{font-size:clamp(90px,26vw,180px);opacity:.75}
  .chapter{padding:clamp(76px,11vh,120px) 0}
}

@media (max-width:640px){
  body{font-size:16px}
  .bar{padding:12px var(--gut);gap:12px}
  .wordmark img{width:24px;height:27px}
  .wordmark b{font-size:12.5px}
  .wordmark i{font-size:8px;letter-spacing:.18em}
  .hero{padding:104px 0 80px;min-height:auto}
  .hero h1{font-size:clamp(38px,12.5vw,60px);line-height:.98;letter-spacing:-.02em}
  h2{font-size:clamp(28px,8.6vw,40px);line-height:1.08}
  .facts{gap:0;flex-direction:column}
  .fact{width:100%;padding:13px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-soft)}
  .fact:last-child{border-bottom:0}
  .cta{gap:9px}
  .b{padding:13px 18px;font-size:10.5px;flex:1 1 auto;justify-content:center}
  .deck{font-size:16px}
  .road{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .road .shot{grid-column:auto}
  .phases{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .ph{min-height:0}
  .big a{font-size:clamp(21px,6.6vw,30px);word-break:break-word}
  .reach{gap:22px}
  .social{gap:8px}
  .social a{flex:1 1 44%;text-align:center}
  .pull{font-size:19px;padding-left:16px}
  .markbox{flex-direction:column;gap:12px}
  .foot{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:9px}
}

/* very small phones */
@media (max-width:380px){
  :root{--gut:16px}
  .hero h1{font-size:34px}
  .depthmeter b{font-size:17px}
}

/* touch devices: hover lifts are meaningless and leave elements stuck */
@media (hover:none){
  .shot:hover img,.mason figure:hover img{transform:none}
  .b:hover,.clip2:hover,.card:hover{transform:none}
}

/* short landscape phones: the pinned chapters have nowhere to go */
@media (max-height:520px) and (orientation:landscape){
  .hero{min-height:auto;padding:96px 0 60px}
  .seq,.htrack{height:auto !important}
  .seq-pin,.hpin{height:auto !important;padding:40px 0}
  .seq-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .step{position:relative;top:auto;opacity:1 !important;transform:none !important;margin-bottom:30px}
  .hrow{flex-wrap:wrap;transform:none !important}
  .scrollcue,.depthmeter{display:none}
}

/* iOS safe areas, so nothing hides under the home indicator */
@supports (padding:max(0px)){
  .depthmeter{bottom:max(26px,env(safe-area-inset-bottom));left:max(var(--gut),env(safe-area-inset-left))}
  .bar{padding-left:max(var(--gut),env(safe-area-inset-left));padding-right:max(var(--gut),env(safe-area-inset-right))}
  footer .foot{padding-bottom:max(0px,env(safe-area-inset-bottom))}
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Calculators
   ========================================================================== */
.calc-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:352px 1fr;gap:clamp(20px,3vw,40px);
  margin-top:clamp(34px,5vw,52px);align-items:start}
.panel{border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--panel);padding:26px;border-radius:3px}
.panel.out{background:transparent;border-color:var(--line-soft)}
.panel h3{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.22em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--faint);padding-bottom:13px;margin-bottom:20px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-soft)}
.panel h4{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:9.5px;letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--ember);margin:24px 0 11px}

.field{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:7px;margin-bottom:15px}
.field label{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--dim);line-height:1.4}
.field label em{font-style:italic;color:var(--ink)}
.ip{display:flex;align-items:stretch;border:1px solid var(--line);background:rgba(var(--scrim-rgb),.55);border-radius:2px}
.ip span{display:flex;align-items:center;padding:0 11px;font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10.5px;
  color:var(--faint);border-left:1px solid var(--line-soft);white-space:nowrap}
.calc input,.calc select{
  font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:14px;color:var(--ink);background:rgba(var(--scrim-rgb),.55);
  border:1px solid var(--line);padding:11px 12px;width:100%;min-width:0;border-radius:2px;
}
.ip input{border:0;background:transparent;flex:1}
.calc input:focus-visible,.calc select:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--ember);outline-offset:-2px}
.row3{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:9px}
.row3 .field label{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:9.5px;letter-spacing:.06em;color:var(--faint)}

.err{margin:12px 0;padding:11px 13px;border-left:2px solid #E2603A;background:rgba(226,96,58,.10);
  font-size:13px;color:var(--ink);border-radius:0 2px 2px 0}
.presets{margin-top:22px;padding-top:18px;border-top:1px solid var(--line-soft);
  display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;align-items:center}
.presets > span{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:9.5px;letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--faint);width:100%}
.chip{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10.5px;color:var(--dim);background:transparent;
  border:1px solid var(--line);padding:8px 12px;cursor:pointer;border-radius:999px;
  transition-property:color,border-color,background-color}
.chip:hover,.chip:focus-visible{border-color:var(--ember);color:var(--ember)}
.calc .b{cursor:pointer;width:100%;justify-content:center;margin-top:4px}
.b.sm{padding:10px 15px;font-size:10px;width:auto}

.stats{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(186px,1fr));gap:10px;margin:0 0 24px}
.stat{background:var(--panel);padding:15px 17px;border:1px solid var(--line-soft);border-radius:2px}
.stat dt{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:9.5px;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--faint);margin-bottom:7px}
.stat dd{margin:0;font-size:14px;color:var(--dim);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;line-height:1.45}
.stat dd b{color:var(--ember);font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:17px;font-weight:500}

.chart-box{position:relative;height:clamp(260px,42vh,360px);border:1px solid var(--line-soft);
  background:rgba(var(--scrim-rgb),.5);padding:13px;border-radius:2px}
.exports{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:9px;margin:18px 0}
.tbl-wrap{overflow-x:auto;border:1px solid var(--line-soft);max-height:330px;overflow-y:auto;
  background:rgba(var(--scrim-rgb),.45);border-radius:2px;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}
.calc table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:11.5px;
  font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
.calc th{position:sticky;top:0;background:var(--th);color:var(--faint);text-align:right;
  font-weight:400;font-size:9.5px;letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:10px 13px;
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);white-space:nowrap}
.calc td{padding:8px 13px;text-align:right;color:var(--dim);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-soft);
  white-space:nowrap}
.calc tr:hover td{background:var(--panel);color:var(--ink)}
.tbl-note{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10px;color:var(--faint);margin-top:9px}
.ref{margin-top:22px;padding-top:15px;border-top:1px solid var(--line-soft);
  font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.65;color:var(--faint)}
.ref em{color:var(--dim);font-style:italic}
.eq{display:block;font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:11.5px;color:var(--ember);
  margin:10px 0;padding:11px 13px;background:rgba(233,163,58,.06);border-left:2px solid var(--ember);
  overflow-x:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}
.notes{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(250px,1fr));gap:26px;
  margin-top:clamp(30px,4vw,44px)}
.notes h4{font-family:var(--f-mono);font-size:10px;letter-spacing:.18em;text-transform:uppercase;
  color:var(--ember);margin-bottom:10px}
.notes p{font-size:13.5px;color:var(--dim);line-height:1.65}

@media (max-width:980px){ .calc-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr} }
@media (max-width:640px){
  .panel{padding:20px}
  .row3{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .stats{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}
  .exports .b.sm{flex:1 1 44%;justify-content:center}
  .calc input,.calc select{font-size:16px}   /* iOS zooms anything under 16px */
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Final pass
   ========================================================================== */

/* The meter is an instrument laid over the page, so it needs its own ground.
   Without one it collided with body copy on every narrow screen. */
.depthmeter{
  padding:7px 13px;border-radius:999px;
  background:rgba(var(--scrim-rgb),.66);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(10px);backdrop-filter:blur(10px);
  border:1px solid var(--line-soft);
}

/* the portrait is close to square, so a 4:5 crop was zooming into the face */
.portrait-fig img{aspect-ratio:1/1;object-position:50% 26%}
@media (max-width:880px){ .portrait-fig img{aspect-ratio:3/2;object-position:50% 22%} }

.big{margin-top:clamp(30px,4.5vw,48px)}
.big a{word-break:break-word}

/* the ghost numeral must never sit under body copy on a phone */
@media (max-width:640px){
  .ghost{display:none}
  .depthmeter{padding:6px 11px}
}

/* On a phone there is no free corner, so the meter stops being a floating pill
   and becomes a slim instrument strip along the bottom edge that content can
   scroll under. */
@media (max-width:640px){
  .depthmeter{
    left:0;right:0;bottom:0;width:100%;
    padding:9px var(--gut) 9px;border-radius:0;border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line-soft);
    background:linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(var(--scrim-rgb),0),rgba(var(--scrim-rgb),.94) 42%);
    justify-content:flex-start;gap:8px;
  }
  .depthmeter b{font-size:16px}
  .depthmeter em{display:inline;font-size:9px;opacity:.9}
  footer{padding-bottom:64px}
}
@supports (padding:max(0px)){
  @media (max-width:640px){
    .depthmeter{padding-bottom:max(9px,env(safe-area-inset-bottom));bottom:0;left:0}
  }
}

/* The sky repaints every frame, so everything above it is re-composited every
   frame too. Nineteen photographs in one viewport made that the most expensive
   section on the page, 100ms per frame against 16.7ms elsewhere. Containment
   stops each frame being a whole-section repaint, and offscreen figures are
   not painted at all. */
.mason figure,.road .shot{contain:layout paint style}
/* content-visibility was tried here and removed: it made the conference grid
   measurably worse, 33ms a frame against 16.7ms, because the browser keeps
   re-resolving the section's real height against the guessed one while you
   scroll through it. Containment alone gives the win without that cost. */

/* Promote an image to its own layer only while it is actually moving. A
   permanent `transition: transform` leaves 35 of them as layer candidates. */
.mason figure:hover img,.shot:hover img{will-change:transform}

/* The baked starfield. It only ever moves by transform, so the compositor can
   keep it as its own layer and never repaint it. */
.starfield{
  position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;
  background-repeat:repeat-y;background-position:0 0;
  will-change:transform;pointer-events:none;
}